Reversing mechanism for looms



Get. 2, 194. c. R. KRONOII-TF arm. 2,452,389

REVERSING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Filed March 19, 194;?

mv'ENToRs CLARENCE RKRONOFF VICTOR E SEPAVICH Patented Oct. 26, 1948REVERSING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Clarence R. Kronoil and Victor F.Sepavich, Worcester, Mass., assignors to Crompton & Knowles Loom Works,Worcester, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Application March 19,1947, Serial No. 735,708

7 Claims. 1

This invention relates to reversing controls for looms and it is thegeneral object of the invention to provide means for limiting the amountof reversal. V

In certain types of heavy looms such as used in the manufacture ofcarpets it is desirable to be able to reverse the loom by power in theevent the shuttle is trapped in the warp shed when the loom protects.Under this condition it is necessary to move the lay backwardly awayfrom the cloth to permit removal of the shuttle, but reversal should bearrested before damage can be done to the pickin mechanism.

Many picking mechanisms are made to operate when the actuator moves inone direction only, and there is likelihood of damage if the actuatorand the picking cam engage each other in reverse order. It isaccordingly a further object of the invention to provide reversing meansunder control of a part which moves with the loom and is timed to openthe reversing circuit prior to engagement of the picking parts in thereverse cycle of the loom.

With these and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, our invention resides in the combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter described and set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein a convenient embodiment of ourinvention is set forth, Fig. l is a front elevation of a loom having ourinvention applied thereto,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation of one of the picking mechanismslooking in the direction of arrow 2, Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is an enlarged and elevation'looking in the direction of arrow 3,Fig. l, and

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the electric circuit used with theinvention,

Referring to Fig. 1, the loom frame l supports a lay H which swingsbackwardly and forwardly in the loom during loom operation. Top andbottom shafts l2 and I3 are connected-by gears I4 and I5, respectively,which are so proportioned as to cause one rotation of the bottom shaftfor two rotations of the top shaft. The lay has two shuttle boxes l6 andI1 and located respectively at the right and left hand ends of the layand two picker sticks I8 and ii! are provided to pick shuttle S.

The bottom shaft-has secured thereto picking arms and 2| extending inopposite directions from the center of the shaft. Each arm has a pickingroll 22 for engagement with a cam 23 on a picking shaft 24 extendingbackwardly and forwardly in the loom. As shown in Fig. 2 the iii cam 23has a low side 25 and a high side 28, and when the picking arm turns inthe direction of arrow a the roll 22 first engages the low part of thecam and moves along the latter to depress the cam and thereby rock thepicker shaft. The roll 22 then leaves the high part of the cam and thelatter returns to its normal position. Each picking shaft has a powerarm 21 connected in usual manner by a sweep stick 28' to the associatedpicker stick. As the bottom shaft rotates the picker sticks alternate intheir periods of activity to pick the shuttle across the loom first toone box and then to the other.

In order to drive the loom the bottom shaft has secured thereto agrooved pulley 30 around which is trained several belts 3| driven by amotor M. The present invention is intended for use on that type of loomwhich is not provided with the usual clutch, the motor being directlyconnected to the bottom shaft and causin operation of the loom wheneverturning.

The controls forming an important part of the invention are shown moreparticularly in Figs, 1 and 3. A disk secured in adjusted angularposition on the bottom shaft I3 is provided with two notches 36 and 31on opposite sides of the axis of shaft i3. A stationary stand 40 whichmay be supported from the floor is provided with a pivot stud 4| onwhich is pivotally mounted a carrier 42. A dagger rod 43 is siidablymounted in the carrier and has secured thereto a conical collar 44engaged by one end of a compression spring 45 the other end of whichengages the carrier. Ordinarily the spring holds the rod and collaryieldingly in the position shown in Fig. 3, and rod 43 by its weightrests on disk 35.

Carrier 42 has secured thereto a switch 46 operated by a plunger 41which is normally up to enable the switch to be closed. An arm 48 ispivoted at 49 with respect to the carrier and carries a roll 50 which isnormally in high position and preferably in engagement with collar 44 asshown in Fig. 3. A second arm 5| moving with arm 48 extends over the topof plunger 41.

During normal running of the loom the disk 35 turns in the direction ofarrow b, Fig. 3, and the two notches 36 and 31 slide under the left endof dagger rod 43 without imparting longitudinal movement thereto. Thecarrier and parts on it constitute a unit having a slight pivotalmovement around its pivotal support 4| as the notched parts of disk 35pass under the disk engaging end of the rod 43. This small angularmotion does not change the relation between the collar 44 and the roll50, and switch 48 remains closed as the loom runs. If the loom shouldstop as the result of protection and require reversal, the disk 35 willthen turn in a reverse direction and dagger rod 43 will enter one or theother of the notches 38 or 31 and be moved to the right, Fig, 3, againstthe action of spring 45, thereby depressing roll 50 and the arms 48 andto push the switch plunger 41 downwardly to open switch 46.

The notches 38 and 31 are so located that in sthe reverse motion of theloom one or the other of them will engage rod 43 to open switch 48before either picking arm 20 can by reverse motion engage the high part26 of the associated cam 23. It will be understood that this disk 35rotates every second pick of the loom and it is for this reason that itis provided with two notches, one for each pick.

The electric controls for the motor are illustrated diagrammatically inFig. 4 which shows three power lines 55, 56 and 51 of a three-phasealternating current electric supply customary in the operation oftextile motors. Three wires 58, 59 and 60 lead from a switch F8 to themotor and when the switch is closed the motor runs forwardly. At thetime of protection the switch is opened and the motor and loom arebrought to rest suddenly as set forth in our co-pending applicationSerial No. 735,710 filed March 19, 1947.

In order to reverse the motor we provide a second switch RS the leads ofwhich from the power wires 55-51 are reversed so far as theirconnections to wires 58-60 are concerned. Resistances 8i may be desiredto cause the motor to run at reduced speed when switch RS is closed.

As shown in Fig. 4 a transformer 62 has a secondary 83 one side of whichis connected to a relay 64 which when energized closes reverse switchRS, but which when deenergized effects 1 opening of the reverse switch.A manually operated switch 65 is normally open, and the previouslydescribed normall closed switch 46 is connected between switch 65 andthe secondary. Under normal loom operations relay 64 remains deenergizedso that switch RS is open. After the loom has been stopped it can bereversed by closure of manual switch 65, whereupon current will flowfrom the transformer through the circuit indicated in the right handpart of Fig. 4 to energize relay 64. This causes reverse motion of themotor and loom and disk 35 will turn in the direction of arrow 0, Fig.4, until it pushes dagger rod 43 to the right to openswitch 46. Therelay circuit thereupon opens to deenergize the relay and switch RSopens to arrest further reverse motion of the loom.

In order to effect prompt stoppage of the loom as soon as switch RSopens we may use a magnetic brake which is ofi when either of switchesFS or RS is closed but is applied when both switches are open. Thisbrake has a shoe 66 to engage a loom part, such as shaft l3, underaction of spring 61 when solenoid 68 is deenergized. The solenoid isconnected to wires 58 and 59 and will be energized to move shoe 86 tonon-braking position whenever these wires are alive. When switch RSopens as described wires 5860 are dead, and deenergization of thesolenoid permits spring 61 to set the brake.

Fromthe foregoing it will be seen that we have provided simple means bywhich a loom can be reversed under power by controls which limit theamount of reversal. The notches 36 and 31 act during reversal to openswitch 46 before either picking arm 20 can engage the high side of thecorresponding cam 23.

Having thus described our invention it will b seen that changes andmodifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention and pick a shuttlewhen the loom is running forwardly,

a normally closed electric switch, electric circuit means including theswitch effective when closed to cause reverse motion of the motor andloom,

and means operated by the loom effective during reverse motion of theloom to open said switch before said picking parts engage each other.

2. In electric reverse means for the driving motor of a m having twoparts which cooperate to pick a shuttle when the loom is runningforwardly, a disk rotating in one direction when the loom is runningforwardly and rotating in the opposite direction when the loom isreversed, a normally closed electric switch, electric circuit meansincluding said switch and effective when closed to cause reversal of themotor and loom, and means operated by said disk when the latter moves insaid opposite direction to open said circuit means before said pickingparts can engage each other.

3. In electric reverse means for the driving motor of a loom having twoparts which cooperate to pick a shuttle when the loom is runningforwardly, a member moving regularly in one direction during loomoperation and moving in the opposite direction when the loom isreversed, a normally closed switch, electric circuit means including theswitch effective when closed to cause reverse motion of the motor andloom and cause said member to move in said opposite direction, and asecond member operated by the first memher during reverse motion of theloom and before said picking parts can engage each other to open saidswitch and thereby stop reverse motion of the loom and motor.

4. In electric reverse means for the driving motor of a loom having twoparts which cooperate to pick a shuttle when the loom is runningforward- 1y, a normally closed electric switch, electric circuit meansincluding said switch effective when closed to cause reverse motion ofthe motor and loom, a rotary member moving in one direction when themotor and loom are running forwardly and moving in the oppositedirection when the motor and loom are reversed, and a second membercontrolling said switch cooperating with said rotary member when theloom is reversed to open said switch and thereby stop the motor at apoint in the reverse cycle of the loom occurring before said pickingparts can engage each other, said members being so constructed that whenthe loom is running forwardly the rotary member is ineffectivc to movethe second member.

5. In electric reverse means for the driving motor of a loom, a normallyclosed electric switch, electric means including the switch effectivewhen closed to cause reverse motion of the motor and loom, a rotaryactuator having a notch in the periphery thereof and rotating forwardlywhen the loom is running forwardly and rotating reversely when the loomis reversed, and a plvotally mounted carrier unit having mounted thereonsaid switch. operating mechanism to open the switch, and movable meansnormally engaging said actuator and capable of entering said notch whensaid actuator is rotating reversely to be e moved thereby to cause saidmechanism to open said switch.

6. In electric reverse means for the driving motor of a loom, a normallyclosed electric switch. electric means including the switch effectivewhen closed 'to cause reverse motion of the motor and loom. a pivotedcarrier on which the switch is mounted, a rotary actuator rotating withthe loom and having a notch therein, means slidably mounted on thecarrier engaging the actuator, and operating mechanism on the carrierbetween the slldably mounted means and the switch effective when theslldably mounted means is moved relatively to the carrier to open saidswitch, said actuator turning forwardly when .the loom is runningforwardly and engaging said slidably mounted means without causingrelative movement of the latter with respect to the carrier, saidactuator turning reversely when the loom is reversed and cooperatingwith said slid-ably mounted means by reason of said notch to causerelative movement of the slidably mounted means with respect to thecarrier to effect movement of said operating mechanism to open theswitch.

7. In electric reverse means for the driving motor of a loom, a normallyclosed electric switch,

electric means including .the switch effective when closed to causereverse motion of the motor and loom, a. disk rotating with the loom andhaving a notch therein, a plvotally mounted carrier on which said switchis mounted, a dagger slidably mounted on said carrier and normallyengaging said disk, a collar on said dagger normally en a ing part ofthe carrier, resilient means engaging REFERENCES CITED The followingreferences are of record in ti file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date, Dacey et a1 June 15, 1926 Number

